What actually comes out of a paycheck
Between the offer letter and your bank account sit four deductions: federal income tax, Social Security, Medicare, and (in most states) state income tax. Here is how each one works in 2026.
Federal income tax
The 2026 brackets run from 10% to 37%, applied after the standard deduction ($16,100 single, $32,200 married filing jointly). Only income inside each bracket is taxed at that bracket's rate.
FICA
Social Security takes 6.2% of wages up to $184,500, and Medicare takes 1.45% of everything, plus 0.9% more above $200,000 ($250,000 married). Pre-tax 401(k) contributions do not reduce FICA.
State income tax
Nine states tax no wage income at all, fifteen use a single flat rate, and the rest use graduated brackets. The state line is usually the biggest reason the same salary feels different in two places.
What is not included
Local taxes (like New York City or Maryland counties), health premiums, credits, and phase-outs. This is a clean gross-to-net estimate, honestly labeled, not a payroll run.
